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Ops:

Virtual Ops:

An operation on Steem is a way of expressing intention on the blockchain. They are also known as Broadcast Operations. They have types, like vote or comment. They pass parameters like author and permlink, depending on what their purpose is.

Operations are grouped into transactions and passed as parameters to methods like network_broadcast_api.broadcast_transaction, in the operations array. Transactions must be signed in order for the blockchain to accept them. Here is an example of a transaction that contains one operation (shown without signatures).

{
   "jsonrpc":"2.0",
   "method":"condenser_api.broadcast_transaction",
   "params":{
      "trx":{
         "ref_block_num":1097,
         "ref_block_prefix":2181793527,
         "expiration":"2016-03-24T18:00:21",
         "operations":[
            [
               "vote",
               {
                  "voter":"steemit",
                  "author":"alice",
                  "permlink":"a-post-by-alice",
                  "weight":10000
               }
            ]
         ],
         "extensions":[],
         "signatures":[]
      }
   },
   "id":1
}

Also see: Broadcast Transaction

vote

This operation is used to cast a vote on a post/comment. The primary purpose of voting is to express Proof-of-Brain about content to the blockchain. When a vote is cast, the content is considered in the consensus rules involving author and curation rewards.

An upvote can be cast from the point in time that the content is created up to 6.5 days. The remaining 12 hours are locked out of upvotes at which time only downvotes may be cast.

A secondary aspect to voting involves reputation, which is not part of consensus.

Reputation Rules:

  1. Must have non-negative reputation to effect another user’s reputation.
  2. If you are down voting another user, you must have more reputation than them to impact their reputation.

Notes:

Roles: posting active owner
Parameters: voter author permlink weight
Example Op:
[
  "vote",
  {
    "voter": "steemit",
    "author": "alice",
    "permlink": "a-post-by-alice",
    "weight": 10000
  }
]

comment

Creates a post/comment.

Parameters:

Rules:

Additional Parameter Definitions:

A typical comment operation would look similar to the below:

{
  "author": "Joe",
  "title": "A post by Joe",
  "body": "Look at my awesome post",
  "parent_author": "",
  "parent_permlink": "steem",
  "permlink": "a-post-by-joe",
  "json_metadata": "{\"tags\":[\"steemit\",\"example\",\"tags\"]}"
}

Create vs. Update

When a comment is first broadcast, the permlink must be unique for the author. Otherwise, it is interpreted as an update operation. Updating will either replace the entire body with the latest operation or patch the body if using diff-match-patch.

For example, if we have a paragraph that has already been broadcast:

“It’s been quite a lot of fun working with these wonderful folk at Steemit, Inc”

And we want to change it to:

“It’s been quite a lot of fun working with these wonderful people at Steemit, Inc”

We can broadcast the comment operation with the following body:

- "@@ -406,12 +406,14 @@"
- ful
- -folk
- +people
- at

The blockchain will know that this means we have changed the word ‘folk’ to ‘people’ within that paragraph so when fetching this content, this diff will be applied.

In addition to body, the title and json_metadata fields will also be replaced by the latest operation.

See: comment_options, vote, custom_json

It should also be noted that a vote operation can accompany a comment and comment_options in the same transaction when the author self votes.

Roles: posting active owner
Parameters: parent_author parent_permlink author permlink title body json_metadata
Example Op:
[
  "comment",
  {
    "parent_author": "",
    "parent_permlink": "steem",
    "author": "alice",
    "permlink": "a-post-by-alice",
    "title": "A Post By Alice",
    "body": "This is my post.",
    "json_metadata": "{\"tags\":[\"steemit\",\"example\",\"tags\"]}"
  }
]

transfer

Transfers asset from one account to another. The memo is plain-text, any encryption on the memo is up to a higher level protocol.

Notes:

Roles: active owner
Parameters: from to amount memo
Example Op:
[
  "transfer",
  {
    "from": "steemit",
    "to": "alice",
    "amount": {
      "amount": "10",
      "precision": 3,
      "nai": "@@000000021"
    },
    "memo": "Thanks for all the fish."
  }
]

transfer_to_vesting

This operation converts STEEM into VFS (Vesting Fund Shares) at the current exchange rate. With this operation it is possible to give another account vesting shares so that faucets can pre-fund new accounts with vesting shares.

Notes:

Roles: active owner
Parameters: from to amount
Example Op:
[
  "transfer_to_vesting",
  {
    "from": "alice",
    "to": "",
    "amount": {
      "amount": "357000",
      "precision": 3,
      "nai": "@@000000021"
    }
  }
]

withdraw_vesting

At any given point in time an account can be withdrawing from their vesting shares. A user may change the number of shares they wish to cash out at any time between 0 and their total vesting stake.

After applying this operation, vesting_shares will be withdrawn at a rate of vesting_shares/13 per week for 13 weeks starting one week after this operation is included in the blockchain.

This operation is not valid if the user has no vesting shares.

Notes:

Roles: active owner
Parameters: account vesting_shares
Example Op:
[
  "withdraw_vesting",
  {
    "account": "steemit",
    "vesting_shares": {
      "amount": "200000000000",
      "precision": 6,
      "nai": "@@000000037"
    }
  }
]

limit_order_create

This operation creates a limit order and matches it against existing open orders. The maximum expiration time for any limit order is 28 days from head_block_time().

Roles: active owner
Parameters: owner orderid amount_to_sell min_to_receive fill_or_kill expiration
Example Op:
[
  "limit_order_create",
  {
    "owner": "steemit",
    "orderid": 10,
    "amount_to_sell": {
      "amount": "9950",
      "precision": 3,
      "nai": "@@000000021"
    },
    "min_to_receive": {
      "amount": "3500",
      "precision": 3,
      "nai": "@@000000013"
    },
    "fill_or_kill": false,
    "expiration": "2035-10-29T06:32:22"
  }
]

limit_order_cancel

Cancels an order and returns the balance to owner.

Roles: active owner
Parameters: owner orderid
Example Op:
[
  "limit_order_cancel",
  {"owner": "steemit", "orderid": 10}
]

price

Roles: active owner
Parameters: base quote

feed_publish

Feeds can only be published by the top N witnesses which are included in every round and are used to define the exchange rate between steem and the dollar.

Roles: active owner
Parameters: publisher exchange_rate
Example Op:
[
  "feed_publish",
  {
    "publisher": "alice",
    "exchange_rate": {
      "base": {
        "amount": "1000",
        "precision": 3,
        "nai": "@@000000013"
      },
      "quote": {
        "amount": "1000000",
        "precision": 3,
        "nai": "@@000000021"
      }
    }
  }
]

convert

This operation instructs the blockchain to start a conversion between STEEM and SBD, the funds are deposited after 3.5 days.

Roles: active owner
Parameters: owner requestid amount
Example Op:
[
  "convert",
  {
    "owner": "steemit",
    "requestid": 1467592156,
    "amount": {
      "amount": "5000",
      "precision": 3,
      "nai": "@@000000013"
    }
  }
]

account_create

Roles: active owner
Parameters: fee creator new_account_name owner active posting memo_key json_metadata
Example Op:
[
  "account_create",
  {
    "fee": {
      "amount": "0",
      "precision": 3,
      "nai": "@@000000021"
    },
    "creator": "steemit",
    "new_account_name": "alice",
    "owner": {
      "weight_threshold": 1,
      "account_auths": [],
      "key_auths": [
        [
          "STM5b4i9gBqvh4sbgrooXPu2dbGLewNPZkXeuNeBjyiswnu2szgXx",
          1
        ]
      ]
    },
    "active": {
      "weight_threshold": 1,
      "account_auths": [],
      "key_auths": [
        [
          "STM7ko5nzqaYfjbD4tKWGmiy3xtT9eQFZ3Pcmq5JmygTRptWSiVQy",
          1
        ]
      ]
    },
    "posting": {
      "weight_threshold": 1,
      "account_auths": [],
      "key_auths": [
        [
          "STM5xAKxnMT2y9VoVJdF63K8xRQAohsiQy9bA33aHeyMB5vgkzaay",
          1
        ]
      ]
    },
    "memo_key": "STM8ZSyzjPm48GmUuMSRufkVYkwYbZzbxeMysAVp7KFQwbTf98TcG",
    "json_metadata": "{}"
  }
]

create_claimed_account

When used with claim_account, works identically to account_create. See: Steem 0.20.2 Release Notes

Roles: active owner
Parameters: creator new_account_name owner active posting memo_key json_metadata
Example Op:
[
  "create_claimed_account",
  {
    "creator": "steemit",
    "new_account_name": "alice",
    "owner": {
      "weight_threshold": 1,
      "account_auths": [],
      "key_auths": [
        [
          "STM5b4i9gBqvh4sbgrooXPu2dbGLewNPZkXeuNeBjyiswnu2szgXx",
          1
        ]
      ]
    },
    "active": {
      "weight_threshold": 1,
      "account_auths": [],
      "key_auths": [
        [
          "STM7ko5nzqaYfjbD4tKWGmiy3xtT9eQFZ3Pcmq5JmygTRptWSiVQy",
          1
        ]
      ]
    },
    "posting": {
      "weight_threshold": 1,
      "account_auths": [],
      "key_auths": [
        [
          "STM5xAKxnMT2y9VoVJdF63K8xRQAohsiQy9bA33aHeyMB5vgkzaay",
          1
        ]
      ]
    },
    "memo_key": "STM8ZSyzjPm48GmUuMSRufkVYkwYbZzbxeMysAVp7KFQwbTf98TcG",
    "json_metadata": "{}"
  }
]

claim_account

When used with create_claimed_account, works identically to account_create. See: Steem 0.20.2 Release Notes

Roles: active owner
Parameters: fee creator extensions
Example Op:
[
  "claim_account",
  {
    "fee": {
      "amount": "0",
      "precision": 3,
      "nai": "@@000000021"
    },
    "creator": "steemit",
    "extensions": []
  }
]

witness_set_properties

Added in HF20 to replace the witness_update which was not easily extendable. While it is recommended to use witness_set_properties, witness_update will continue to work. See: Witness Parameters

Roles: block_signing active owner
Parameters: owner props extensions
Example Op:
[
  "witness_set_properties",
  {
    "owner": "alice",
    "props": {
      "account_creation_fee": "0.000 STEEM",
      "account_subsidy_budget": 10000,
      "account_subsidy_decay": 330782,
      "maximum_block_size": 65536,
      "sbd_interest_rate": "0.000 STEEM",
      "sbd_exchange_rate": {
        "base": "0.000 SBD",
        "quote": "0.000 STEEM"
      },
      "url": "68747470733A2F2F737465656D69742E636F6D",
      "new_signing_key": "25688bbe7b1204f26e40be054c8b2ff1997eec6d4e7be6a105aab8a0e6f11c616d7cb6066"
    },
    "extensions": []
  }
]

account_update

Roles: active owner
Parameters: account owner active posting memo_key json_metadata
Example Op:
[
  "account_update",
  {
    "account": "steemit",
    "posting": {
      "weight_threshold": 1,
      "account_auths": [],
      "key_auths": [
        [
          "STM6FATHLohxTN8RWWkU9ZZwVywXo6MEDjHHui1jEBYkG2tTdvMYo",
          1
        ],
        [
          "STM76EQNV2RTA6yF9TnBvGSV71mW7eW36MM7XQp24JxdoArTfKA76",
          1
        ]
      ]
    },
    "memo_key": "STM6FATHLohxTN8RWWkU9ZZwVywXo6MEDjHHui1jEBYkG2tTdvMYo",
    "json_metadata": ""
  }
]

report_over_production

Disabled in HF4

This operation is used to report a miner who signs two blocks at the same time. To be valid, the violation must be reported within STEEM_MAX_WITNESSES blocks of the head block (1 round) and the producer must be in the ACTIVE witness set.

Users not in the ACTIVE witness set should not have to worry about their key getting compromised and being used to produced multiple blocks so the attacker can report it and steel their vesting steem.

The result of the operation is to transfer the full VESTING STEEM balance of the block producer to the reporter.

Roles: active owner
Parameters: reporter first_block second_block

witness_update

Users who wish to become a witness must pay a fee acceptable to the current witnesses to apply for the position and allow voting to begin.

If the owner isn’t a witness they will become a witness. Witnesses are charged a fee equal to 1 weeks worth of witness pay which in turn is derived from the current share supply. The fee is only applied if the owner is not already a witness.

If the block_signing_key is null then the witness is removed from contention. The network will pick the top 21 witnesses for producing blocks.

Notes:

Roles: active owner
Parameters: owner url block_signing_key props fee
Example Op:
[
  "witness_update",
  {
    "owner": "alice",
    "url": "witness-category/my-witness",
    "block_signing_key": "STM8LoQjQqJHvotqBo7HjnqmUbFW9oJ2theyqonzUd9DdJ7YYHsvD",
    "props": {
      "account_creation_fee": {
        "amount": "100000",
        "precision": 3,
        "nai": "@@000000021"
      },
      "maximum_block_size": 131072,
      "sbd_interest_rate": 1000
    },
    "fee": {
      "amount": "0",
      "precision": 3,
      "nai": "@@000000021"
    }
  }
]

account_witness_vote

All accounts with a VFS (Vesting Fund Shares) can vote for or against any witness. See: STEEM_MAX_ACCOUNT_WITNESS_VOTES

If a proxy is specified then all existing votes are removed.

Roles: active owner
Parameters: account witness approve
Example Op:
[
  "account_witness_vote",
  {
    "account": "alice",
    "witness": "bob",
    "approve": true
  }
]

account_witness_proxy

Allows one account to delegate witness votes to another account.

If a proxy is specified then all existing witness votes are removed.

Note, as of HF21, setting a witness proxy also applies to Steem.DAO proposal approval. If you trust someone to cast your witness votes, it is assumed that you would also trust them to cast your proposal votes.

Roles: active owner
Parameters: account proxy
Example Op:
[
  "account_witness_proxy",
  {"account": "alice", "proxy": "bob"}
]

pow

Disabled in HF14.

Roles: active owner
Parameters: worker input signature work
Example Op:
[
  "pow",
  {
    "worker_account": "admin",
    "block_id": "000004433bd4602cf5f74dbb564183837df9cef8",
    "nonce": 82,
    "work": {
      "worker": "STM65wH1LZ7BfSHcK69SShnqCAH5xdoSZpGkUjmzHJ5GCuxEK9V5G",
      "input": "59b009f89477919f95914151cef06f28bf344dd6fb7670aca1c1f4323c80446b",
      "signature": "1f3f83209097efcd01b7d6f27ce726164323d503d6fcf4d55bfb7cb3032796f6766738b36062b5850d69447fdf9c091cbc70825df5eeacc4710a0b11ffdbf0912a",
      "work": "0b62f4837801cd857f01d6a541faeb13d6bb95f1c36c6b4b14a47df632aa6c92"
    },
    "props": {
      "account_creation_fee": {
        "amount": "100000",
        "precision": 3,
        "nai": "@@000000021"
      },
      "maximum_block_size": 131072,
      "sbd_interest_rate": 1000
    }
  }
]

custom

Provides a generic way to add higher level protocols on top of witness consensus.

There is no validation for this operation other than that required auths are valid.

Roles: active owner
Parameters: required_auths id data
Example Op:
[
  "custom",
  {
    "required_auths": ["bytemaster"],
    "id": 777,
    "data": "0a627974656d617374657207737465656d697402a3d13897d82114466ad87a74b73a53292d8331d1bd1d3082da6bfbcff19ed097029db013797711c88cccca3692407f9ff9b9ce7221aaa2d797f1692be2215d0a5f6d2a8cab6832050078bc5729201e3ea24ea9f7873e6dbdc65a6bd9899053b9acda876dc69f11a13df9ca8b26b6"
  }
]

delete_comment

Roles: posting active owner
Parameters: author permlink
Example Op:
[
  "delete_comment",
  {
    "author": "alice",
    "permlink": "a-post-by-alice"
  }
]

custom_json

Serves the same purpose as custom but also supports required posting authorities. Unlike custom, this operation is designed to be human readable/developer friendly.

follow

As of HF9, the follow plugin will track follow/unfollow/ignore events.

reblog

As of HF14, allows users to share blogs they find with those who follow them. This change implemented entirely outside the blockchain consensus which means that reblogging does not create a new post, it merely shares an existing post with people who follow you.

witness

As of HF18, the witness plugin has a custom operation called enable_content_editing that allows a user to signal they want to edit their content. By consensus, content is editable indefinitely, but is soft forked to be frozen after payout. This operation requires an active key and is designed to prevent vandalism if a posting key is compromised. #1017

Roles: posting active owner
Parameters: required_auths required_posting_auths id json
Example Op:
[
  "custom_json",
  {
    "required_auths": [],
    "required_posting_auths": ["steemit"],
    "id": "follow",
    "json": "[\"follow\",{\"follower\":\"steemit\",\"following\":\"alice\",\"what\":[\"blog\"]}]"
  }
]

[
  "custom_json",
  {
    "required_auths": [],
    "required_posting_auths": ["alice"],
    "id": "follow",
    "json": "[\"follow\",{\"follower\":\"alice\",\"following\":\"eve\",\"what\":[\"ignore\"]}]"
  }
]

[
  "custom_json",
  {
    "required_auths": [],
    "required_posting_auths": ["bob"],
    "id": "reblog",
    "json": "{\"account\":\"bob\",\"author\":\"alice\",\"permlink\":\"a-post-by-alice\"}"
  }
]

[
  "custom_json",
  {
    "required_auths": ["alice"],
    "required_posting_auths": [],
    "id": "witness",
    "json": "[\"enable_content_editing\", {\"account\": \"alice\", \"relock_time\": \"2100-01-01T12:00:00\"}]"
  }
]

comment_options

Authors of posts may not want all of the benefits that come from creating a post. This operation allows authors to update properties associated with their post.

Typically, these options will accompany a comment operation in the same transaction.

As of HF17, content can specify beneficiaries to receive a part of their author rewards. The beneficiaries are specified in the extension field of the comment_options_operation and is a sorted vector (by account name) of account name, weight pairs. The beneficiaries can only be specified once and must be specified before any votes are cast on the comment. Most apps are already adding a comment_options in the transaction that creates the comment, so this should not be much of a challenge to add to existing apps.

Notes:

Roles: posting active owner
Parameters: author permlink max_accepted_payout percent_steem_dollars allow_votes allow_curation_rewards extensions
Example Op:
[
  "comment_options",
  {
    "author": "alice",
    "permlink": "a-post-by-alice",
    "max_accepted_payout": {
      "amount": "1000000",
      "precision": 3,
      "nai": "@@000000013"
    },
    "percent_steem_dollars": 5000,
    "allow_votes": true,
    "allow_curation_rewards": true,
    "extensions": []
  }
]

[
  "comment_options",
  {
    "author": "bob",
    "permlink": "a-post-with-a-beneficiary",
    "max_accepted_payout": {
      "amount": "1000000",
      "precision": 3,
      "nai": "@@000000013"
    },
    "percent_steem_dollars": 63,
    "allow_votes": true,
    "allow_curation_rewards": true,
    "extensions": [
      [
        0,
        {
          "beneficiaries": [{"account": "charlie", "weight": 1000}]
        }
      ]
    ]
  }
]

[
  "comment_options",
  {
    "author": "charlie",
    "permlink": "a-post-with-multiple-beneficiaries",
    "max_accepted_payout": {
      "amount": "1000000",
      "precision": 3,
      "nai": "@@000000013"
    },
    "percent_steem_dollars": 62688,
    "allow_votes": true,
    "allow_curation_rewards": true,
    "extensions": [
      [
        0,
        {
          "beneficiaries": [
            {"account": "david", "weight": 500},
            {"account": "erin", "weight": 500},
            {"account": "faythe", "weight": 1000},
            {"account": "frank", "weight": 500}
          ]
        }
      ]
    ]
  }
]

set_withdraw_vesting_route

Allows an account to setup a vesting withdraw but with the additional request for the funds to be transferred directly to another account’s balance rather than the withdrawing account. In addition, those funds can be immediately vested again, circumventing the conversion from vests to steem and back, guaranteeing they maintain their value.

Notes:

Roles: active owner
Parameters: from_account to_account percent auto_vest
Example Op:
[
  "set_withdraw_vesting_route",
  {
    "from_account": "alice",
    "to_account": "bob",
    "percent": 10000,
    "auto_vest": true
  }
]

limit_order_create2

This operation is identical to limit_order_create except it serializes the price rather than calculating it from other fields. The maximum expiration time for any limit order is 28 days from head_block_time().

Roles: active owner
Parameters: owner orderid amount_to_sell exchange_rate fill_or_kill expiration
Example Op:
[
  "limit_order_create2",
  {
    "owner": "alice",
    "orderid": 492991,
    "amount_to_sell": {
      "amount": "1",
      "precision": 3,
      "nai": "@@000000013"
    },
    "exchange_rate": {
      "base": {
        "amount": "1",
        "precision": 3,
        "nai": "@@000000013"
      },
      "quote": {
        "amount": "10",
        "precision": 3,
        "nai": "@@000000021"
      }
    },
    "fill_or_kill": false,
    "expiration": "2017-05-12T23:11:13"
  }
]

challenge_authority

Disabled in HF14.

Roles: posting active owner
Parameters: challenger challenged require_owner

prove_authority

Roles: active owner
Parameters: challenged require_owner

request_account_recovery

All account recovery requests come from a listed recovery account. This is secure based on the assumption that only a trusted account should be a recovery account. It is the responsibility of the recovery account to verify the identity of the account holder of the account to recover by whichever means they have agreed upon. The blockchain assumes identity has been verified when this operation is broadcast.

This operation creates an account recovery request which the account to recover has 24 hours to respond to before the request expires and is invalidated.

There can only be one active recovery request per account at any one time. Pushing this operation for an account to recover when it already has an active request will either update the request to a new new owner authority and extend the request expiration to 24 hours from the current head block time or it will delete the request. To cancel a request, simply set the weight threshold of the new owner authority to 0, making it an open authority.

Additionally, the new owner authority must be satisfiable. In other words, the sum of the key weights must be greater than or equal to the weight threshold.

This operation only needs to be signed by the the recovery account. The account to recover confirms its identity to the blockchain in the recover account operation.

Notes:

See: #169

Roles: active owner
Parameters: recovery_account account_to_recover new_owner_authority extensions
Example Op:
[
  "request_account_recovery",
  {
    "recovery_account": "steem",
    "account_to_recover": "alice",
    "new_owner_authority": {
      "weight_threshold": 1,
      "account_auths": [],
      "key_auths": [
        [
          "STM6LYxj96zdypHYqgDdD6Nyh2NxerN3P1Mp3ddNm7gci63nfrSuZ",
          1
        ]
      ]
    },
    "extensions": []
  }
]

recover_account

Roles: owner
Parameters: account_to_recover new_owner_authority recent_owner_authority extensions
Example Op:
[
  "recover_account",
  {
    "account_to_recover": "alice",
    "new_owner_authority": {
      "weight_threshold": 1,
      "account_auths": [],
      "key_auths": [
        [
          "STM7j3nhkhHTpXqLEvdx2yEGhQeeorTcxSV6WDL2DZGxwUxYGrHvh",
          1
        ]
      ]
    },
    "recent_owner_authority": {
      "weight_threshold": 1,
      "account_auths": [],
      "key_auths": [
        [
          "STM78Xth94gNxp8nmByFV2vNAhg9bsSdviJ6fQXUTFikySLK3uTxC",
          1
        ]
      ]
    },
    "extensions": []
  }
]

change_recovery_account

Each account lists another account as their recovery account. The recovery account has the ability to create account_recovery_requests for the account to recover. An account can change their recovery account at any time with a 30 day delay. This delay is to prevent an attacker from changing the recovery account to a malicious account during an attack. These 30 days match the 30 days that an owner authority is valid for recovery purposes.

On account creation the recovery account is set either to the creator of the account (The account that pays the creation fee and is a signer on the transaction) or to the empty string if the account was mined. An account with no recovery has the top voted witness as a recovery account, at the time the recover request is created. Note: This does mean the effective recovery account of an account with no listed recovery account can change at any time as witness vote weights. The top voted witness is explicitly the most trusted witness according to stake.

See: #169

Roles: owner
Parameters: account_to_recover new_recovery_account extensions
Example Op:
[
  "change_recovery_account",
  {
    "account_to_recover": "alice",
    "new_recovery_account": "bob",
    "extensions": []
  }
]

escrow_transfer

The purpose of this operation is to enable someone to send money contingently to another individual. The funds leave the from account and go into a temporary balance where they are held until from releases it to to or to refunds it to from.

In the event of a dispute the agent can divide the funds between the to/from account. Disputes can be raised any time before or on the dispute deadline time, after the escrow has been approved by all parties.

This operation only creates a proposed escrow transfer. Both the agent and to must agree to the terms of the arrangement by approving the escrow.

The escrow agent is paid the fee on approval of all parties. It is up to the escrow agent to determine the fee.

Escrow transactions are uniquely identified by from and escrow_id, the escrow_id is defined by the sender.

See: steem_operations.hpp:229

Roles: active owner
Parameters: from to agent escrow_id sbd_amount steem_amount fee ratification_deadline escrow_expiration json_meta
Example Op:
[
  "escrow_transfer",
  {
    "from": "alice",
    "to": "bob",
    "sbd_amount": {
      "amount": "1000",
      "precision": 3,
      "nai": "@@000000013"
    },
    "steem_amount": {
      "amount": "0",
      "precision": 3,
      "nai": "@@000000021"
    },
    "escrow_id": 23456789,
    "agent": "charlie",
    "fee": {
      "amount": "100",
      "precision": 3,
      "nai": "@@000000013"
    },
    "json_meta": "{}",
    "ratification_deadline": "2017-02-26T11:22:39",
    "escrow_expiration": "2017-02-28T11:22:39"
  }
]

escrow_dispute

If either the sender or receiver of an escrow payment has an issue, they can raise it for dispute. Once a payment is in dispute, the agent has authority over who gets what.

See: steem_operations.hpp:229

Roles: active owner
Parameters: from to agent who escrow_id
Example Op:
[
  "escrow_dispute",
  {
    "from": "alice",
    "to": "bob",
    "agent": "charlie",
    "who": "alice",
    "escrow_id": 72526562
  }
]

escrow_release

This operation can be used by anyone associated with the escrow transfer to release funds if they have permission.

The permission scheme is as follows:

See: steem_operations.hpp:229

Roles: active owner
Parameters: from to agent who receiver escrow_id sbd_amount steem_amount
Example Op:
[
  "escrow_release",
  {
    "from": "alice",
    "to": "bob",
    "agent": "charlie",
    "who": "charlie",
    "receiver": "bob",
    "escrow_id": 72526562,
    "sbd_amount": {
      "amount": "5000",
      "precision": 3,
      "nai": "@@000000013"
    },
    "steem_amount": {
      "amount": "0",
      "precision": 3,
      "nai": "@@000000021"
    }
  }
]

pow2

Disabled in HF17.

Roles: active owner
Parameters: input pow_summary
Example Op:
[
  "pow2",
  {
    "work": [
      0,
      {
        "input": {
          "worker_account": "alice",
          "prev_block": "003ea604345523c344fbadab605073ea712dd76f",
          "nonce": "1052853013628665497"
        },
        "pow_summary": 3817904373
      }
    ],
    "props": {
      "account_creation_fee": {
        "amount": "1",
        "precision": 3,
        "nai": "@@000000021"
      },
      "maximum_block_size": 131072,
      "sbd_interest_rate": 1000
    }
  }
]

escrow_approve

The agent and to accounts must approve an escrow transaction for it to be valid on the blockchain. Once a party approves the escrow, they cannot revoke their approval. Subsequent escrow approve operations, regardless of the approval, will be rejected.

See: steem_operations.hpp:229

Roles: active owner
Parameters: from to agent who escrow_id approve
Example Op:
[
  "escrow_approve",
  {
    "from": "alice",
    "to": "bob",
    "agent": "charlie",
    "who": "charlie",
    "escrow_id": 59102208,
    "approve": true
  }
]

transfer_to_savings

For time locked savings accounts. A user can place Steem and Steem Dollars into time locked savings balances. Funds can be withdrawn from these balances after a three day delay. The point of this addition is to mitigate loss from hacked and compromised account. The max a user can lose instantaneously is the sum of what the hold in liquid balances. Assuming an account can be recovered quickly, loss in such situations can be kept to a minimum.

See: steem_operations.hpp:868

Roles: active owner
Parameters: from to amount memo
Example Op:
[
  "transfer_to_savings",
  {
    "from": "alice",
    "to": "alice",
    "amount": {
      "amount": "1000",
      "precision": 3,
      "nai": "@@000000013"
    },
    "memo": ""
  }
]

transfer_from_savings

Roles: active owner
Parameters: from request_id to amount memo
Example Op:
[
  "transfer_from_savings",
  {
    "from": "alice",
    "request_id": 101,
    "to": "alice",
    "amount": {
      "amount": "1000",
      "precision": 3,
      "nai": "@@000000013"
    },
    "memo": ""
  }
]

cancel_transfer_from_savings

Roles: active owner
Parameters: from request_id
Example Op:
[
  "cancel_transfer_from_savings",
  {"from": "alice", "request_id": 1}
]

custom_binary

The semmantics for this operation are the same as the custom_json operation, but with a binary payload. The json deserialization has a non-trivial cost associated with it. This operation will allow for binary deserialization of plugin operations and should improve overall performance of plugins that chose to use it.

See: steem_operations.hpp:491

Roles: posting active owner
Parameters: id data

decline_voting_rights

An account can chose to decline their voting rights after a 30 day delay. This includes voting on content and witnesses. The voting rights cannot be acquired again once they have been declined. This is only to formalize a smart contract between certain accounts and the community that currently only exists as a social contract.

See: steem_operations.hpp:897

Roles: owner
Parameters: account decline
Example Op:
[
  "decline_voting_rights",
  {"account": "judy", "decline": true}
]

reset_account

This operation allows recovery_account to change account_to_reset’s owner authority to new_owner_authority after 60 days of inactivity.

See: #169

Roles: active owner
Parameters: reset_account account_to_reset new_owner_authority

set_reset_account

This operation allows account owner to control which account has the power to execute the reset_account operation after 60 days.

See: #169

Roles: owner posting
Parameters: account current_reset_account reset_account

claim_reward_balance

Roles: posting active owner
Parameters: account reward_steem reward_sbd reward_vests
Example Op:
[
  "claim_reward_balance",
  {
    "account": "alice",
    "reward_steem": {
      "amount": "17",
      "precision": 3,
      "nai": "@@000000021"
    },
    "reward_sbd": {
      "amount": "11",
      "precision": 3,
      "nai": "@@000000013"
    },
    "reward_vests": {
      "amount": "185025103",
      "precision": 6,
      "nai": "@@000000037"
    }
  }
]

delegate_vesting_shares

Delegate vesting shares from one account to the other. The vesting shares are still owned by the original account, but content voting rights and resource credit are transferred to the receiving account. This sets the delegation to vesting_shares, increasing it or decreasing it as needed (i.e. a delegation of 0 removes the delegation).

When a delegation is removed the shares are placed in limbo for a week to prevent a satoshi of VESTS from voting on the same content twice.

Also see:

Roles: active owner
Parameters: delegator delegatee vesting_shares
Example Op:
[
  "delegate_vesting_shares",
  {
    "delegator": "alice",
    "delegatee": "bob",
    "vesting_shares": {
      "amount": "94599167138276",
      "precision": 6,
      "nai": "@@000000037"
    }
  }
]

account_create_with_delegation

Deprecated as of HF20 If an account creation service would still like to provide a delegation of Steem Power to the accounts they create, they can still follow the account creation operation with an additional call to delegate_vesting_shares to add a delegation of SP to the account.

Instead of paying the entire account creation fee with Steem, creators can now pay a smaller fee (30x less) and delegate some Steem Power for 30 days. The exact amount is 5 * min_fee + STEEM_POWER == 150 * min_fee. You can pay any combination of STEEM and Steem Power along that curve (so long as the minimum fee is paid).

The witness voted STEEM fee is now the minimum required STEEM fee for delegation. Witnesses should reduce their fee by 30x when the hardfork goes live to preserve the same required fee for an all STEEM account creation.

Also see:

Roles: active owner
Parameters: fee delegation creator new_account_name owner active posting memo_key json_metadata extensions
Example Op:
[
  "account_create_with_delegation",
  {
    "fee": {
      "amount": "3000",
      "precision": 3,
      "nai": "@@000000021"
    },
    "delegation": {
      "amount": "0",
      "precision": 6,
      "nai": "@@000000037"
    },
    "creator": "steemit",
    "new_account_name": "alice",
    "owner": {
      "weight_threshold": 1,
      "account_auths": [],
      "key_auths": [
        [
          "STM5Tki3ecCdCCHCjhhwvQvXuKryL2s34Ma6CXsRzntSUTYVYxCQ9",
          1
        ]
      ]
    },
    "active": {
      "weight_threshold": 1,
      "account_auths": [],
      "key_auths": [
        [
          "STM6LUoAA8gCL9tHRz7v9xcwR4ZWD3KDRHP5t1U7UAZHdfanLxyBE",
          1
        ]
      ]
    },
    "posting": {
      "weight_threshold": 1,
      "account_auths": [],
      "key_auths": [
        [
          "STM8anmpHdfVE4AmwsDpcSXpRsydHysEbv6vGJkRQy1d1CC83zeTA",
          1
        ]
      ]
    },
    "memo_key": "STM67RYDyEkP1Ja1jFehJ45BFGA9oHHUnRnYbxKJEtMhVQiHW3S3k",
    "json_metadata": "{}",
    "extensions": []
  }
]

create_proposal

Creates a new proposal.

Roles: postingactive owner
Parameters: creator receiver start_date end_date daily_pay subject permlink
Example Op:
[
  "create_proposal",
  {
    "creator": "alice",
    "receiver": "bob",
    "start_date": "2019-08-26T11:22:39",
    "end_date": "2019-08-26T11:22:39",
    "daily_pay": {
      "amount": "3000",
      "precision": 3,
      "nai": "@@000000013"
    },
    "subject": "subject",
    "permlink": "creator-proposal-permlink"
  }
]

remove_proposal

Removes proposal using proposal.id of a given proposal.

Roles: posting active owner
Parameters: creator proposal_ids
Example Op:
[
  "remove_proposal",
  {"creator": "alice", "proposal_ids": [0]}
]

update_proposal_votes

Update proposal votes by proposal.id.

Roles: posting active owner
Parameters: voter proposal_ids approve
Example Op:
[
  "update_proposal_votes",
  {
    "voter": "alice",
    "proposal_ids": [0],
    "approve": true
  }
]

claim_reward_balance2

Differs with original operation with extensions field and a container of tokens that will be rewarded to an account.

Note: The reward tokens are required to be unique and sorted (both by asset symbol) in ascending order. Otherwise operation validation will fail.

See: #1859

Roles: posting active owner
Parameters: account reward_tokens extensions
Example Op:
[
  "claim_reward_balance2",
  {
    "account": "alice",
    "reward_tokens": [
      {
        "amount": "1",
        "precision": 0,
        "nai": "@@904705667"
      }
    ],
    "extensions": []
  }
]

vote2

This operation is used to cast a vote on a post/comment using multiple votable assets.

See: #2748, SMT Voting Mana Deep Dive

Roles: posting active owner
Parameters: voter author permlink weight extensions
Example Op:
[
  "vote2",
  {
    "voter": "steemit",
    "author": "alice",
    "permlink": "a-post-by-alice",
    "rshares": [[{"nai": "@@904705667", "decimals": 0}, 0]],
    "extensions": []
  }
]

smt_setup

Setup a Smart Media Token. Each SMT has an associated descriptor object which has permanent configuration data. This data cannot be changed after launch.

Parameters:

Example Initial Generation Policy JSON:

{"type": "smt_capped_generation_policy", "value": {
  "pre_soft_cap_unit": {
    "steem_unit": [["alice", 100]],
    "token_unit": [["$from", 5], ["alice", 1]]
  },
  "post_soft_cap_unit": {
    "steem_unit": [["alice", 100]],
    "token_unit": [["$from", 5], ["alice", 1]]
  },
  "min_steem_units_commitment": {
    "lower_bound": 1,
    "upper_bound": 1,
    "hash": "32edb6022c0921d99aa347e9cda5dc2db413f5574eebaaa8592234308ffebd2b"
  },
  "hard_cap_steem_units_commitment": {
    "lower_bound": "166666666666",
    "upper_bound": "166666666666",
    "hash": "93c5a6b892de788c5b54b63b91c4b692e36099b05d3af0d16d01c854723dda21"
  },
  "soft_cap_percent": 10000,
  "min_unit_ratio": 1000,
  "max_unit_ratio": 1000,
  "extensions": []
}}

See #3455, SMT Setup

Structure

Roles: active owner
Parameters: control_account symbol contribution_begin_time contribution_end_time launch_time max_supply steem_units_hard_cap steem_units_soft_cap steem_units_min initial_generation_policy extensions
Example Op:
[
  "smt_setup",
  {
    "control_account": "alice",
    "symbol": {"nai": "@@000000000", "decimals": 0},
    "contribution_begin_time": "2019-08-26T11:22:39",
    "contribution_end_time": "2019-08-26T11:22:39",
    "launch_time": "2019-09-26T11:22:39",
    "max_supply": 1000000000000000,
    "steem_units_hard_cap": 10000,
    "steem_units_soft_cap": 1000,
    "steem_units_min": 0,
    "initial_generation_policy": "{\"type\":\"smt_capped_generation_policy\",\"value\":{\"pre_soft_cap_unit\":{\"steem_unit\":[[\"alice\",100]],\"token_unit\":[[\"$from\",5],[\"alice\",1]]},\"post_soft_cap_unit\":{\"steem_unit\":[[\"alice\",100]],\"token_unit\":[[\"$from\",5],[\"alice\",1]]},\"min_steem_units_commitment\":{\"lower_bound\":1,\"upper_bound\":1,\"hash\":\"32edb6022c0921d99aa347e9cda5dc2db413f5574eebaaa8592234308ffebd2b\"},\"hard_cap_steem_units_commitment\":{\"lower_bound\":\"166666666666\",\"upper_bound\":\"166666666666\",\"hash\":\"93c5a6b892de788c5b54b63b91c4b692e36099b05d3af0d16d01c854723dda21\"},\"soft_cap_percent\":10000,\"min_unit_ratio\":1000,\"max_unit_ratio\":1000,\"extensions\":[]}}",
    "extensions": []
  }
]

smt_setup_emissions

Create Smart Media Token emissions (inflation).

Parameters:

See: #1513, #2738, SMT Pre-Setup, Inflation Operations, Full JSON Examples, Inflation FAQ

Structure

Roles: active owner
Parameters: control_account symbol emissions_unit interval_seconds interval_count lep_time rep_time lep_abs_amount rep_abs_amount lep_rel_amount_numerator rep_rel_amount_numerator rel_amount_denom_bits remove floor_emissions
Example Op:
[
  "smt_setup_emissions",
  {
    "control_account": "alice",
    "symbol": {"nai": "@@904705667", "decimals": 0},
    "schedule_time": "2019-08-26T11:22:39",
    "emissions_unit": {"token_unit": [["alice", 1]]},
    "interval_seconds": 21600,
    "interval_count": 1,
    "lep_time": "2019-08-26T11:22:39",
    "rep_time": "2019-08-26T11:22:39",
    "lep_abs_amount": {
      "amount": "1",
      "precision": 0,
      "nai": "@@904705667"
    },
    "rep_abs_amount": {
      "amount": "1",
      "precision": 0,
      "nai": "@@904705667"
    },
    "lep_rel_amount_numerator": 0,
    "rep_rel_amount_numerator": 0,
    "rel_amount_denom_bits": 0,
    "remove": false,
    "floor_emissions": false,
    "extensions": []
  }
]

smt_set_setup_parameters

Creates Smart Media Token setup parameters.

Parameters:

See: #2727, Named Token Parameters

Structure

Roles: active owner
Parameters: control_account symbol setup_parameters
Example Op:
[
  "smt_set_setup_parameters",
  {
    "control_account": "alice",
    "symbol": {"nai": "@@000000000", "decimals": 0},
    "setup_parameters": [
      {
        "type": "smt_param_allow_voting",
        "value": {"value": true}
      }
    ],
    "extensions": []
  }
]

smt_set_runtime_parameters

Creates Smart Media Token runtime parameters.

Parameters:

Allowed Author Reward Curves:

Allowed Curation Reward Curves:

See: Named Token Parameters

Structure

Roles: active owner
Parameters: control_account symbol runtime_parameters
Example Op:
[
  "smt_set_runtime_parameters",
  {
    "control_account": "alice",
    "symbol": {"nai": "@@000000000", "decimals": 0},
    "runtime_parameters": [
      {
        "type": "smt_param_windows_v1",
        "value": {
          "cashout_window_seconds": 90001,
          "reverse_auction_window_seconds": 110
        }
      },
      {
        "type": "smt_param_vote_regeneration_period_seconds_v1",
        "value": {
          "vote_regeneration_period_seconds": 7000,
          "votes_per_regeneration_period": 1
        }
      },
      {
        "type": "smt_param_rewards_v1",
        "value": {
          "content_constant": 9005,
          "percent_curation_rewards": 9006,
          "author_reward_curve": "quadratic",
          "curation_reward_curve": "bounded_curation"
        }
      },
      {
        "type": "smt_param_allow_downvotes",
        "value": {"value": true}
      }
    ],
    "extensions": []
  }
]

smt_create

Create a Smart Media Token.

This operation introduces new SMT into blockchain as identified by Numerical Asset Identifier (NAI). Also the SMT precision (decimal points) is explicitly provided.

Initial Case

The first operation to be executed is an smt_create operation. This operation creates an SMT object in the blockchain state. After executing this operation, the newly created SMT object is not yet fully configured.

Most of the configuration occurs in subsequent operations (smt_set_setup_parameters, smt_setup_inflation, and smt_setup). These later operations may occur in the same transaction, but they may also occur at any later point in time.

Reset Case

Re-issuing smt_create with zero smt_creation_fee and the NAI of a token in the initial setup will reset emmisions and setup state. This is useful for token creators who have put their token in an unlaunchable state.

This will allow deleting of emission schedules with and changing of precision if there are no emission objects already created.

Parameters:

See: SMT Object Creation

Structure

Roles: active owner
Parameters: control_account symbol smt_creation_fee precision
Example Op:
[
  "smt_create",
  {
    "control_account": "alice",
    "symbol": {"nai": "@@000000000", "decimals": 0},
    "smt_creation_fee": {
      "amount": "3000",
      "precision": 3,
      "nai": "@@000000013"
    },
    "precision": 0,
    "extensions": []
  }
]

smt_contribute

Contribute to a token ICO.

Parameters:

See: #2730, Token Units

Structure

Roles: active owner
Parameters: contributor symbol contribution_id contribution
Example Op:
[
  "smt_contribute",
  {
    "contributor": "alice",
    "symbol": {"nai": "@@422838704", "decimals": 0},
    "contribution_id": 0,
    "contribution": {
      "amount": "1000",
      "precision": 3,
      "nai": "@@000000021"
    },
    "extensions": []
  }
]

clear_null_account_balance

Deprecated as of HF23, see: #3556.

For per-block processing that clears null account balances (prior to HF23).

See: #2627

Roles: active owner
Parameters: total_cleared

proposal_pay

Dedicated operation to be generated during proposal payment phase to provide info in Account History related to funds transfer.

Roles: active owner
Parameters: receiver payment trx_id op_in_trx
Example Op:
[
  "proposal_pay",
  {
    "receiver": "steem.dao",
    "payment": "1.637 SBD",
    "trx_id": "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
    "op_in_trx": 0
  }
]

sps_fund

Created once per maintenance interval to document how much SBD was added to the threasury from inflation in that maintenance interval (i.e., to track the funding of the SPS).

Roles: active owner
Parameters: additional_funds
Example Op:
["sps_fund", {"additional_funds": "71.460 SBD"}]

fill_convert_request

Fills when conversion requests with a conversion date before the head block time and then converts them to/from steem/sbd at the current median price feed history price times the premium.

Roles: active owner
Parameters: owner requestid amount_in amount_out

author_reward

Roles: posting active owner
Parameters: author permlink sbd_payout steem_payout vesting_payout

curation_reward

Roles: posting active owner
Parameters: curator reward comment_author comment_permlink

comment_reward

See: #774

Roles: posting active owner
Parameters: author permlink payout

liquidity_reward

Deprecated as of HF12, see: #178.

Roles: active owner
Parameters: owner payout

interest

Roles: active owner
Parameters: owner interest
Example Op:
[
  "interest",
  {"owner": "alice", "interest": "0.001 SBD"}
]

fill_vesting_withdraw

See: #78

Roles: active owner
Parameters: from_account to_account withdrawn deposited
Example Op:
[
  "fill_vesting_withdraw",
  {
    "from_account": "alice",
    "to_account": "alice",
    "withdrawn": "0.026475 VESTS",
    "deposited": "0.710 STEEM"
  }
]

fill_order

Roles: posting active owner
Parameters: current_owner current_orderid current_pays open_owner open_orderid open_pays
Example Op:
[
  "fill_order",
  {
    "current_owner": "alice",
    "current_orderid": 42896,
    "current_pays": "94.999 SBD",
    "open_owner": "bob",
    "open_orderid": 10001,
    "open_pays": "500.000 STEEM"
  }
]

shutdown_witness

When a witness goes offline.

See: #278

Roles: posting active owner
Parameters: owner
Example Op:
["shutdown_witness", {"owner": "alice"}]

fill_transfer_from_savings

Roles: posting active owner
Parameters: from to amount request_id memo

hardfork

Roles: posting active owner
Parameters: hardfork_id

comment_payout_update

Roles: posting active owner
Parameters: author permlink

return_vesting_delegation

Roles: posting active owner
Parameters: account vesting_shares

comment_benefactor_reward

Roles: posting active owner
Parameters: benefactor author permlink reward

producer_reward

Witness rewards for block signing are hard to account for. Making these rewards visible will help witnesses and prospective witnesses by providing them with more complete and accurate information to guide their decisions to invest in the platform.

Roles: posting active owner
Parameters: producer vesting_shares
Example Op:
[
  "producer_reward",
  {
    "producer": "alice",
    "vesting_shares": "14403.626449 VESTS"
  }
]
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